Several potential mechanisms have been proposed to explain the relation of migraines and obesity: Physiological mechanism: Inflammatory mediators, substances in the body that can cause inflammation, may have a role in migraine and obesity. Obesity is associated with inflammation, which may aggravate inflammatory response in migraine, resulting in frequent or more severe headaches. Several peptides and neurotransmitters directed by the hypothalamus, during the regulation of eating behaviour, can play a role in developing migraine. Adipocytokines, which regulate the body weight by altering the metabolism and appetite, may enhance inflammatory processes that cause migraine and obesity. Psychological mechanisms: Some psychological conditions and factors may explain the migraine-obesity relationship. One such factor is psychological stress, which is known to affect both obesity and migraine. Stress can enhance migraine onset, aggravate headache attacks in individuals with existing migraine, and increase the risk of transformation of episodic to chronic migraine. Certain psychiatric disorders associated with obesity are also risk factors for migraine and its disabilities. These disorders include anxiety and depression. Behavioural mechanisms: Behavioural factors can also cause migraine and obesity. Sleep disturbances, especially short sleep duration is common among individuals with migraine. These can act as a trigger factor for migraine attacks and are linked to increased frequency and severity of headaches. Short sleep duration also causes weight gain and obesity, especially in children and young adults. A common complication of obesity – obstructive sleep apnea is also related to the transformation of episodic to chronic migraine. Some dietary habits also play a role in migraine and obesity. Skipping breakfast has demonstrated to be linked with increased onset of migraine, weight gain and obesity. Likewise, irregular meal frequency and consumption of high fat diet contribute to weight gain, obesity and migraine. These dietary habits can have other consequences like increased blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Reduced physical activity may be another factor which contributes to migraine and obesity. Lack of physical activity has shown to increase the risk of headache attacks by 21-50% in adult and adolescents. Studies have shown that lack of physical activities are related to obesity statues and increased prevalence and frequency of migraine attacks.